As an example, consider a person riding a bicycle, with the person acting like the engine. If that person tries to trip that bike up a steep hill in a gear that is created for low rpm, she or he will struggle as
they attempt to maintain their stability and achieve an rpm which will permit them to climb the hill. However, if they shift the bike’s gears right into a velocity that will produce a higher rpm, the rider could have
a much easier time of it. A continuous force can be applied with smooth rotation being offered. The same logic applies for industrial applications that want lower speeds while maintaining necessary
torque.
• Inertia complementing. Today’s servo motors are producing more torque relative to frame size. That’s because of dense copper windings, light-weight materials, and high-energy magnets.
This creates greater inertial mismatches between servo motors and the loads they want to move. Utilizing a gearhead to better match the inertia of the servo gearbox electric motor to the inertia of the load allows for using a smaller electric motor and outcomes in a far more responsive system that’s simpler to tune. Again, this is attained through the gearhead’s ratio, where in fact the reflected inertia of the strain to the motor is decreased by 1/ratio2.
Recall that inertia is the measure of an object’s resistance to change in its motion and its function of the object’s mass and form. The greater an object’s inertia, the more torque is required to accelerate or decelerate the thing. This means that when the load inertia is much bigger than the engine inertia, sometimes it can cause excessive overshoot or enhance settling times. Both conditions can 
decrease production collection throughput.
However, when the motor inertia is larger than the strain inertia, the electric motor will need more power than is otherwise necessary for the particular application. This raises costs because it requires spending more for a motor that’s bigger than necessary, and because the increased power usage requires higher working costs. The solution is by using a gearhead to match the inertia of the motor to the inertia of the load.