Rack and pinion steering uses a gear-arranged to convert the circular movement of the tyre into the linear motion required to turn the wheels. It also rack and pinion china provides a gear reduction, therefore turning the tires is easier.
It works by enclosing the rack and pinion gear-set in a steel tube, with each end of the rack protruding from the tube and linked to an axial rod. The pinion gear is mounted on the steering shaft to ensure that when the tyre is turned, the gear spins, shifting the rack. The axial rod at each end of the rack links to the tie rod end, which is mounted on the spindle.
Most cars need 3 to 4 complete turns of the steering wheel to move from lock to lock (from far right to far still left). The steering ratio shows you how far to turn the steering wheel for the tires to turn a certain amount. An increased ratio means you need to turn the steering wheel more to turn the wheels a certain quantity and lower ratios supply the steering a quicker response.
Some cars use variable ratio steering. This rack and pinion steering system runs on the different number of teeth per cm (tooth pitch) at the heart than at the ends. The effect is the steering can be more sensitive when it’s turned towards lock than when it is close to its central placement, making the car more maneuverable.
There are two main types of rack and pinion steering systems:
End take off – the tie rods are mounted on the end of the steering rack via the inner axial rods.
Centre remove – bolts attach the tie rods to the center of the steering rack.
As steering is vital for controlling your vehicle, it’s vital that you diagnose and repair any steering problems as fast as possible.
The chances are your vehicle has rack and pinion steering.
Thankfully, the fundamentals aren’t hard to understand at all: it’s all about turning rotational motion into linear. When you switch the steering wheel, this turns a steering column, which rotates the attached steering shaft and a worm gear referred to as the pinion. This equipment sits on the ‘rack’, a amount of metal with a series of teeth cut into it. So as the pinion rotates, the rack moves either left or right, depending on your steering input.
Power steering provides a device to one part of the rack with a hydraulically actuated piston inside. A rotary valve directs hydraulic liquid to either the proper or left side of the piston – depending on the steering direction – which applies pressure on the piston and reducing your time and effort had a need to move the rack.
The rack-and-pinion gearset does a couple of things:
It converts the rotational movement of the steering wheel in to the linear motion needed to turn the wheels.
It provides a gear reduction, which makes it easier to turn the wheels.
On the majority of cars, it takes 3 to 4 complete revolutions of the tyre to help make the wheels turn from lock to lock (from far still left to 
far right).